There has always been migration, since ancient times, between what is today Italy and France. From the Fourth Crusade of 1204 onwards, the Republic of Venice sent many Italian families to Corfu. [4], Between 1860 and World War I, 9 million Italians left permanently of a total of 16 million who emigrated, most travelling to North or South America. [149], During the Fascist era from the 1920s to the 1940s, limited internal emigration occurred. The 2013 Census counted 3,795 New Zealanders of Italian descent. [150] At the time, internal migratory flows also involved transfers from the countryside to the cities, movements that are more properly defined as internal "mobility" rather than "emigration" that occurs between one Italian region to another. "+a[1]:"")+a[2]}return a};var l=0;function m(a,b){var c=document.createElement("script");c.src=a;c.onload=function(){b&&b(void 0)};c.onerror=function(){b&&b("error")};a=document.getElementsByTagName("head");var d;a&&0!==a.length?d=a[0]:d=document.documentElement;d.appendChild(c)}function n(a){var b=void 0===b?document.cookie:b;return(b=h(b.split("; "),function(c){return-1!=c.indexOf(a+"=")}))?b.split("=")[1]:""}function p(a){return"string"==typeof a&&0