It is still the capital of modern Syria today. Any crime committed against human beings is ultimately against the LORD because He is the sole creator. Weeds have to be removed, the land watered, and fertilizer added. 4 So I will send a fire on the house of Hazael, and it shall devour the strongholds of Ben-hadad. , Proverbs 12:11 Whoever works his land will have plenty of bread, but he who follows worthless pursuits lacks sense.Isaiah 65:22-24 They shall not build and another inhabit; they shall not plant and another eat; for like the days of a tree shall the days of my people be, and my chosen shall long enjoy the work of their hands. The city of Damascus was called under judgment because that nation threshed Gilead with implements of iron (Amos 1:3) or behaved with unnecessary cruelty against a conquered people. Article Images Copyright 2023 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. Joel 3:4-8; Ezekiel 27:13). So, He shall deliver thee in six troubles; yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee Job 5:19. Vv. God was and is seeking usfor He will separate usable grain from the waste straw or chaff. I will break the gate-bar of Damascus, and cut off the inhabitants from the Valley of Aven, and him who holds the scepter from Beth-eden; and the people of Syria shall go into exile to Kir, says the Lord. No wonder Jesus talked so much about farming. The waters of the Fijeh were carried by a great aqueduct tunnelled through the side of the perpendicular cliff. V In this second volume on the Minor Prophets, Dr. Bailey discusses the books of Joel to Zephaniah. Amos used the imagery of threshing to convey the damage wrought by Damascus upon the inhabitants of Gilead. Judging, probably, of Davids defensive conquests by its own policy, it joined the other Syrians who attacked David, was subdued, garrisoned, and became tributary 2 Samuel 8:5-6. Sin adds to sin, out of which it grows; it does not overshadow the former sins, it does not obliterate them, but increases the mass of guilt, which God punishes. Threshing SledgeThe purpose of threshing was to separate usable grain from the waste straw or chaff. Amos 1:3 Parallel Verses [ See commentary ] Amos 1:3, NIV: This is what the LORD says: 'For three sins of Damascus, even for four, I will not relent.Because she threshed Gilead with sledges having iron teeth, Amos 1:3, ESV: Thus says the LORD: "For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment, because they have threshed Gilead with threshing sledges . A good tree doesnt produce bad fruitsconsider a grain of wheata sower went out to sowin story after story, Jesus Christ made use of scenes from everyday farm life to explicitly illustrate His points about the gospel and the kingdom of God. Behold, Damascus is taken away from being a city, and it shall be a ruinous heap. Kimchi thinks that this respects four particular seasons, in which Damascus, or the Syrians, evilly treated and distressed the people of Israel; first in the times of Baasha; then in the times of Ahab; a third time in the days of Jehoahaz the son of Jehu; and the fourth in the times of Ahaz; and then they were punished for them all: because they have threshed Gilead with threshing instruments of iron; that is. , Deuteronomy 28:8 TheLordwill command the blessing on you in your barns and in all that you undertake. The authority of Aram will end here as well. It was rich in pasture (Numbers 32:1) and famous for its balm (Jeremiah 8:22). And he will bless you in the land that the LORD your God is giving you., Genesis 1:29 And God said, Behold, I have given you every plant yielding seed that is on the face of all the earth, and every tree with seed in its fruit. Change). It was no part of the territory assigned to Israel, nor was it molested by them. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters. You shall not let your cattle breed with a different kind. De Dieu refers it to the earthquake before mentioned, that God would not turn away that, but cause it to come, as he had foretold, for the transgressions of these, and other nations after spoken of; but rather it refers to Damascus; and so some render it, "I will not turn", or "convert it"; to repentance, and so to my mercy; but leave it in its sins, and to my just judgments. These orchards are a most exceeding defense; for from the density of the trees and the narrowness of the ways, it seemed difficult and almost impossible to approach the city on that side. Even to this day it is said, The true defense of Damascus consists in its gardens, which, forming a forest of fruit-trees and a labyrinth of hedges, walls and ditches, for more than 7 leagues in circumference, would present no small impediment to a Mussulman enemy.. And behold, your sheaves gathered around it and bowed down to my sheaf.1 Kings 5:11 While Solomon gave Hiram 20,000 cors of wheat as food for his household, and 20,000 cors of beaten oil. If Amoss preaching bears witness to his insistence that nations need to acknowledge their sin, should not our preaching do the same? The language about Tyre is almost exactly the same as how Amos describes Gaza. It begins with their most oppressive enemy, Syria; then Philistia, the old and ceaseless, although less powerful, enemy; then Tyre, not an oppressor, as these, yet violating a relation which they had not, the bonds of a former friendship and covenant; malicious also and hardhearted through covetousness. 5 I will p break the gate-bar of l Damascus, and cut off the inhabitants from the Valley of q Aven, 4. and him who holds the scepter from r Beth-eden; This should not be too surprising because most of Jesus listeners were farmers themselves or, at least, very familiar with farming. Thus the Church and members of the community of the Father sotra kinda Dont relate to the Process of the Hardened Hart and the compounded consequences of the deceitfulness of being habitually unfaithful in the little ways which bring about the cruelty of Amoss day. 3 Thus saith the Lord; For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they have threshed Gilead with threshing instruments of iron:. This is what the LORD says: 'The people of Damascus have sinned again and again, and I will not let them go unpunished! 1 Kings 9:13the brotherhood between Hiram of Tyre and Solomon of Israel). document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ). And consider today (since I am not speaking to your children who have not known or seen it), consider the discipline of theLordyour God, his greatness, his mighty hand and his outstretched arm, his signs and his deeds that he did in Egypt to Pharaoh the king of Egypt and to all his land, and what he did to the army of Egypt, to their horses and to their chariots, how he made the water of the Red Sea flow over them as they pursued after you, and how theLordhas destroyed them to this day, and what he did to you in the wilderness, until you came to this place, , 1 Chronicles 4:38-41 These mentioned by name were princes in their clans, and their fathers houses increased greatly. Damascus, Gaza and Tyrethree important cities in the region of Israel and Judahare called to account for their actions by a shepherd from Judah. But it supported a population far beyond what that space would maintain in Europe. G A man . K Will you? Because they have threshed Gilead with threshing instruments of iron - The instrument, Jerome relates here, was "a sort of wain, rolling on iron wheels beneath, set with teeth; so that it both threshed out the grain and bruised the straw and cut it in pieces, as food for the cattle, for lack of hay." A similar instrument, called by nearly . Thus says the LORD, "For three transgressions of Damascus and for four (multiplied delinquencies) I shall not reverse its punishment or revoke My word concerning it, Because they have threshed Gilead This is what the LORD says: "The people of Damascus have sinned again and again, and I will not let them go unpunished! , Matthew 13:1-10 That same day Jesus went out of the house and sat beside the sea. Chelub, the brother of Shuhah, fathered Mehir, who fathered Eshton. Other seeds fell on rocky ground, where they did not have much soil, and immediately they sprang up, since they had no depth of soil, , Psalm 104:14 You cause the grass to grow for the livestock and plants for man to cultivate, that he may bring forth food from the earthLeviticus 19:19 You shall keep my statutes. Genesis 1:11 says, Then God said, Let the land produce vegetation:seed-bearing plants and trees on the land that bear fruit with seed in it, according to their various kinds. And it was so. The consequences, however, are essentially the samefire will burn destroy the cities/citadels (1:7, 10, 12). The cities will be razed to the ground by an invading force. Whichever is the case, Amos condemns Damascus for their violent aggression against Israel. Yahweh says, according to Amos, the he will not revoke the punishment such sins deserve. Of a foreigner you may exact it, but whatever of yours is with your brother your hand shall release. 1:93. The threshing sledge is also an allegory. : A native, Adad, having gained great power, became king of Damascus and the rest of Syria, except Phoenicia. You shall not sow your field with two kinds of seed, nor shall you wear a garment of cloth made of two kinds of material.Genesis 1:1-31 In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window). You will lend to many nations but will borrow from none.Deuteronomy 28:8 says, The LORD will send a blessing on your barns and on everything you put your hand to. And he answered, Because I know the evil that thou wilt do unto the children of Israel: their strong holds wilt thou set on fire, and their young men wilt thou slay with the sword, and wilt dash their children, and rip up their women with child. No, he does not thresh it forever; when he drives his cart wheel over it with his horses, he does not crush it.Matthew 13:3-8 And he told them many things in parables, saying: A sower went out to sow. And the whole crowd stood on the beach. Hazael was the king of Damascus in the second half of the ninth century BC, while Ben-hadad was his son and successor (2 Kgs. Gaza sent whole communities into exile to Edom. Seven is used as a symbol of a whole, since on the seventh day God rested from all which He had made, and therefore the number seven entered so largely into the whole Jewish ritual. because they have threshed Gilead with threshing sledges of iron. What is the Biblical Perspective on Agriculture, Why Did Jesus Talk So Much About Agriculture, Why Jesus Talked So Much About Agriculture. 3 Thus says the Lord,For three transgressions of Damascus and for fourI will not revoke its punishment,Because they threshed Gilead with implements of sharp iron.4So I will send fire upon the house of HazaelAnd it will consume the citadels of Ben-hadad.5 I will also break the gate bar of Damascus,And cut off the inhabitant from the valley of Aven,And him who holds the scepter, from Beth-eden;So the people of Aram will go exiled to Kir,Says the LORD. 306: -. So Paul speaks of those who treasure up to themselves wrath against the Day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God Romans 2:5. The community or people to which Amos refers is Judah. Does a lion roar in the forest, when he has no prey? It lay in the midst of its plain, a high table-land of rich cultivation, whose breadth, from Anti-libanus eastward, was about half a degree. He condemns forcibly removing populations from their homeland. M summed up by the word. And he humbled you and let you hunger and fed you with manna, which you did not know, nor did your fathers know, that he might make you know that man does not live by bread alone, but man lives by every word that comes from the mouth of theLord. All these nations fall under the divine judgment because each has committed offenses against the holy God. The two on the northern side water Salahiyeh at the foot of the hills about a mile from the city, and then irrigate the higher portions of the plain to the distance of nearly twenty miles. It is here put for the whole country of Syria, and the inhabitants of it, for whose numerous transgressions, signified by "three" and "four", the Lord would not turn away his fury from them, justly raised by their sins; or the decree which he had passed in his own mind, and now made a declaration of, he would not revoke; or not inflict the punishment they had deserved, and he had threatened. Benhadad and Hazael encouraged only marauding expeditions against Israel during the 14 years of Ahaziah and Jehoram. God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. Benhadad II had thirty-two vassal kings 1 Kings 20:1, 1 Kings 20:24, (dependent kings like those of Canaan, each of his own city and little territory,) and led them against Samaria, intending to plunder it 1 Kings 20:6-7, and, on occasion of the plundering, probably to make it his own or to destroy it. Amoss prophecy concerning Damascus was probably fulfilled in 732 BC when the Assyrian king Tiglath-pileser III captured the city, weakening it for the rest of the Old Testament period (2 Kgs. What is Threshing? In pagan poetry also, as a trace of a mystery which they had forgotten, three is a sacred whole; from where thrice and fourfold blessed stands among them for something exceeding even a full and perfect blessing, a super-abundance of blessings. So neither he who plants nor he who waters is anything, but only God who gives the growth. They cover an area at last 25 (or 30) miles in circuit, and make the environs an earthly Paradise. Whence the Arabs said, If there is a garden of Eden on earth, it is Damascus; and if in heaven, Damascus is like it on earth. But this its beauty was also its strength. Tagged: Amos, Amos 1:3-5, Amos 1:6-8, Amos 1:9-10, Ethics, Nations, Violence. , John 4:35 Do you not say, There are yet four months, then comes the harvest? Damascus and Samaria (Israel) fought over this area for a hundred years or more. . Here, Damascus represents the entire nation of Aram (or Syria). Your threshing shall last to the time of the grape harvest, and the grape harvest shall last to the time for sowing. because they have threshed Gilead with threshing sledges of iron. Every infliction on those like ourselves finds an echo in our own consciences. Mail (will not be published) __('(required)'). Does a snare spring up from the ground, when it has taken nothing? "For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment; because they have threshed Gilead with threshing sledges of iron. The identification of the sin becomes the key element of the oracle itself with its subsequent consequence. What Does the Bible Say About Husbands and Wives? It was not tempted to set itself against believing them. And there was evening and there was morning, the first day. The last grace of God, whether sealing up the former graces of those who use them, or vouchsafed to those who have wasted them, is the crowning act of His love or forbearance. I will break the gate-bar of Damascus, and cut off the inhabitants from . Other seeds fell on rocky ground, where they did not have much soil, and immediately they sprang up, since they had no depth of soil, Genesis 1:12 The earth brought forth vegetation, plants yielding seed according to their own kinds, and trees bearing fruit in which is their seed, each according to its kind. 3. Matthew 13:18 Hear then the parable of the sower:Ruth 2:17 So she gleaned in the field until evening. Isaiah 17:1 The burden of Damascus. Adam, the first human in the Bible, is also the first farmer. For there was no other enemy, from whom Syria had to be delivered. Subsequently to that retreat from Samaria, he even lost Ramoth 2 Kings 9:14-15 to Jehoram after a battle before it 2 Kings 8:29, in which Jehoram was wounded. And Joash did what was right in the eyes of theLordall the days of Jehoiada the priest. Why Did God Use Adams Rib to Create Eve? sn Like threshing sledges with iron teeth. More than a Bible handbook but less than a commentary, Nelson's New Illustrated Old Testament Survey provides a section by section breakdown of issues and topics dealt with in the Hebrew Scriptures. Israel, having lost the help of Judah, became the easier prey. 70413 lego - Der TOP-Favorit unserer Produkttester. Then, as to those enemies themselves, the order is not of place or time, but of their relation to Gods people. And you shall lend to many nations, but you shall not borrow.Deuteronomy 28:8 The LORD will command the blessing on you in your barns and in all that you undertake. The death here spoken of, although more ghastly, was probably not more severe than many others; not nearly so severe as some which have been used by Christian Judicatures. Certainly Hadadezer stands cut conspicuously; the Damascenes are mentioned only subordinately. Genesis 8:22 While the earth remains, seedtime and harvest, cold and heat, summer and winter, day and night, shall not cease.Isaiah 9:3 You have multiplied the nation; you have increased its joy; they rejoice before you as with joy at the harvest, as they are glad when they divide the spoil.Deuteronomy 11:14 He will give the rain for your land in its season, the early rain and the later rain, that you may gather in your grain and your wine and your oil.Zechariah 10:1 Ask rain from theLordin the season of the spring rain, from theLordwho makes the storm clouds, and he will give them showers of rain, to everyone the vegetation in the field.2 Samuel 24:22 Then Araunah said to David, Let my lord the king take and offer up what seems good to him. 4 So I will send a fire on the house of Hazael, and it shall devour the strongholds of Ben-hadad. THE HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL Taught by the face of creation around them, where the course of every tiny rivulet, as it burst from the rocks, was marked by a rich luxuriance, the Damascenes of old availed themselves of the continual supply from the snows of Hermon or the heights of Anti-libanus, with a systematic diligence, of which, in our northern clime, as we have no need, so we have no idea. Benhadad promised to restore the cities which his father had taken from Israel, and to make an Israel-quarter in Damascus 1 Kings 20:34. I will not turn away the punishment thereof. They enslaved local populationsprobably those located in the lowlands or Shephelah of Judah among others. God is longsuffering and ready to forgive; but when the sinner finally becomes a vessel of wrath Romans 9:22, He punishes all the earlier sins, which, for the time, He passed by. Amos 1:3 . And thrice, and four times happy those, he cried, That under Ilion's walls before their parents died.". This likely refers to the entire kingdom of Aram, of which Damascus was the capital. 41:15).The NKJV Study Bible. So does the wisest of us in living. And since they had no root, they withered away. You shall not plow with an ox and a donkey together.Ecclesiastes 1:1-18 The words of the Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem. January 9, 2013 at 8:31 am and is filed under Biblical Texts. , Job 39:10 Can you bind him in the furrow with ropes, or will he harrow the valleys after you?1 Samuel 6:7 Now then, take and prepare a new cart and two milk cows on which there has never come a yoke, and yoke the cows to the cart, but take their calves home, away from them.Ecclesiastes 11:4-6 He who observes the wind will not sow, and he who regards the clouds will not reap. . So I will send a fire upon the house of Hazael, and it shall devour the strongholds of Ben-hadad. Very, very exceedingly; and so it was used among the ancient Greek and Latin poets. What is the meaning of the symbolism in Amos? All is vanity. Meonothai fathered Ophrah; and Seraiah fathered Joab, the father of Ge-harashim, so-called because they were craftsmen. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Because she threshed Gilead with sledges having iron teeth, This is what the LORD says: 'For three offenses of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke its. English Standard Version. The names Hazael and Ben-hadad, two kings of Aram, are also known from 2 Kings 8. All Scripture quotations, unless otherwise indicated, are taken from The Holy Bible, English Standard Version. Isaiah 8:4 For before the child shall have knowledge to cry, My father, and my mother, the riches of Damascus and the spoil of Samaria shall be taken away before the king of Assyria. 12:19; 2 Kgs. TheLordblessed him,Psalm 1:3 He is like a tree planted by streams of water that yields its fruit in its season, and its leaf does not wither. 1 Kings 19:17 And it shall come to pass, that him that escapeth the sword of Hazael shall Jehu slay: and him that escapeth from the sword of Jehu shall Elisha slay. You shall not wear cloth of wool and linen mixed together., Luke 10:2 And he said to them, The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few. Q Proverb: Because of the three transgressions of and because of four, I will not cause (him/it) to return.. And all these blessings shall come upon you and overtake you, if you obey the voice of theLordyour God. Get Your Bible Minute in Your Inbox Every Morning. For not all flesh is the same, but there is one kind for humans, another for animals, another for birds, and another for fish.Jeremiah 5:24 They do not say in their hearts, Let us fear theLordour God, who gives the rain in its season, the autumn rain and the spring rain, and keeps for us the weeks appointed for the harvest., Ezekiel 27:17 Judah and the land of Israel traded with you; they exchanged for your merchandise wheat of Minnith, meal, honey, oil, and balm.Matthew 9:37 Then he said to his disciples, The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few;Isaiah 30:24 And the oxen and the donkeys that work the ground will eat seasoned fodder, which has been winnowed with shovel and fork.Isaiah 28:24 Does he who plows for sowing plow continually? With lifted hands and eyes invokes relief. All time was measured by seven. Change but the name, the tale is told of thee, was a pagan saying which has almost passed into a proverb. You shall leave them for the poor and for the sojourner: I am theLordyour God., Proverbs 3:10 Then your barns will be filled with plenty, and your vats will be bursting with wine.Genesis 9:20 Noah began to be a man of the soil, and he planted a vineyard.Deuteronomy 23:24-25 If you go into your neighbors vineyard, you may eat your fill of grapes, as many as you wish, but you shall not put any in your bag. Copyright 2002-2023 Got Questions Ministries. On some days, the only thing the farmer can do is sit, wait, and hope for the best. Tyre also sent whole communities into slavery. 16:9). Get our Question of the Week delivered right to your inbox! Many things in life take time just as farming takes time. These are the men of Recah. Fire is used symbolically for Gods judgment, which would fall on the house of Hazael and the citadels of Ben-hadad. The other things cannot be satisfied; the fourth, fire, grows fiercer by being fed. You shall leave them for the poor and for the sojourner: I am theLordyour God., Genesis 26:12 And Isaac sowed in that land and reaped in the same year a hundredfold. Its whole plain was intersected with canals, and tunneled below. 5 I will break the gate bars of Damascus, and cut off the inhabitants from the Valley of Aven, and the one who holds the scepter from Beth-eden; From Omri also Benhadad I took cities and extorted streets, probably a Damascus quarter, in Samaria itself 1 Kings 20:34. Rezon renewed, throughout the later part of Solomons reign, the aggression of Hadad. And its never done for us. It had then doubtless, beside the population of its plain, large nomadic hordes dependent upon it. In like way Joshua relates, that the children of Reuben and the children of Gad and the ha! Stated differently, the cities/nations would not be judged merely because of one transgression or even two. Thus says the Lord: "For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment, because they have threshed Gilead with threshing sledges of iron. For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four - These expressions of three and four, so often repeated in this chapter, mean repetition, abundance, and any thing that goes towards excess. David had had, for some cause unexplained by Holy Scripture, to inflict it on the Ammonites 2 Samuel 12:31; 1 Chronicles 20:3. Then our mouth was filled with laughter, and our tongue with shouts of joy; then they said among the nations, TheLordhas done great things for them. TheLordhas done great things for us; we are glad. From the standpoint of the synergistic point of view of Sanders,Dunn,and Wright. Yet after this, it was to recover its power under Rezin, to become formidable to Judah, and, through its aggressions on Judah, to bring destruction on itself. Animals have to be fed, crops have to be watered and fertilized, and it doesnt matter how the farmer feels on that particular day. In similar fashion, Damascus had threshed Gilead with their instruments of war. And he will give grass in your fields for your livestock, and you shall eat and be full., Genesis 2:15 TheLordGod took the man and put him in the garden of Eden to work it and keep it.Exodus 23:10-11 For six years you shall sow your land and gather in its yield, but the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of your people may eat; and what they leave the beasts of the field may eat. Almeida Atualizada (Portuguese) for Ams 1:3, La Biblia de las Amricas (Espaol) for Ams 1:3, Common English Bible w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, Holman Christian Standard Bible for Amos 1:3, Giovanni Diodati 1649 (Italian) for Amos 1:3, Good News Translation w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, King James Version w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, Septuagint Bible w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, New International Reader's Version for Amos 1:3, New Revised Standard w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, Revised Standard Version w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, La Biblia Reina-Valera (Espaol) for Ams 1:3, Sagradas Escrituras (1569) (Espaol) for Ams 1:3, Third Millennium Bible w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, The Latin Vulgate w/ Apocrypha for Amos 1:3, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). Hebrew Names Version. The course of the prophecy convicted them, as the things written in Holy Scripture for our ensamples convict Christians. Before they call I will answer; while they are yet speaking I will hear., 2 Chronicles 24:1-26:23 Joash was seven years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years in Jerusalem. 2 Kings 13:7 for an example). Learn to do good; seek justice, correct oppression; bring justice to the fatherless, plead the widow's cause. It lay on the best route from the interior of Asia to the Mediterranean, to Tyre, and even to Egypt. What Does the Bible Say About Compassion? Such an attraction caused the Arameans to thresh the Israelites of Gilead with implements of sharp iron. Cite this page: Editor: Stephen Smith. Every day, just like the farmer, we must show up and do the work. For this they will be judged by God. As a result of God breaking the gate bar of Damascus, the people of Aram would go exiled to Kir. Specially shod animals walked around on the stalks until the grain separated from the hulls. Israel heard and readily believed Gods judgments upon others. And thus said Jehovah: For three transgressions of Damascus, And for four, I do not reverse it, Because of their threshing Gilead with sharp-pointed irons, - Youngs Literal Bible For thus saith the LORD: For three transgressions of Damascus, yea, for four, I will not reverse it: because they have threshed Gilead with sledges of iron. 1:3, 6, 9, 11, 13; 2:1, 4, and 6). Theodoret supposes the horrible aggravation, that it was thus that the women with child were destroyed with their children, casting the aforesaid women, as into a sort of threshing-floor, they savagely threshed them out like ears of grain with saw-armed wheels.. Amos 1:3-5 (ESV) Thus says the LORD: "For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment, because they have threshed Gilead with threshing sledges of iron. You will be challenged and encouraged to be one who is firmly . , Job 24:10 They go about naked, without clothing; hungry, they carry the sheaves;Psalm 35:5 Let them be like chaff before the wind, with the angel of theLorddriving them away!Job 21:18 That they are like straw before the wind, and like chaff that the storm carries away?1 Chronicles 21:23 Then Ornan said to David, Take it, and let my lord the king do what seems good to him. The identified crime becomes the central ethical condemnation (1:3, 6, 9). And great crowds gathered about him, so that he got into a boat and sat down. It was on the route by which Abraham himself came at Gods command from Haran (Charrae of the Greeks) whether over Tiphsaeh (the passage, Thapsacus) or anymore northern passage over the Euphrates. . As the sledge was pulled over the threshing floor the stones or iron teeth would separate the grain from the stalks. Both instruments are alluded to in the O.T. If God is for us, who can be against us? 2 Kings 8:12 And Hazael said, Why weepeth my lord?