While the Spanish were ready to kill. Not only did they beat the Aztecs in battle, the diseases syphilis and smallpox helped them by killing off half of the Aztecs. Conversely, the Pueblo people of the Southwest were less advanced and less populated compared to these empires. .] Maya practiced Human Sacrifice and was polytheistic. The Inca people would weave colorful woolen cloths, which served as blankets for those who could afford them. In the same square there are some people who constantly go around watching sells and the measures used for sales these people have been known to go around and stop unfair deals or break the measures completely., The Mayas, Incas and Aztecs. During the years 1200 to 1500 CE, two ideal empires, Mali of Sub - Saharan Africa and the Aztecs of the Americas developed into truly influential and powerful empires. The Aztec empire was composed of over . The Inca buildings were in uniformity with huge imperial structures. The Aztec followed about 400 years after the Maya began to shrink. The Inca people would weave colorful woolen cloths, which served as blankets for those who could afford them. The Inca ruler required a third, and a third was set aside in a kind of welfare system for those unable to work. Inca and Aztec Compare and Contrast Essay.docx - Matthias As this historical event progressed each one of these themes began to intertwine until they became an almost unstoppable force., Montezuma, who was the ruler of the Aztecs, had a funny feeling about them. Direct link to Bailey's post So did the Caste System d, Posted 5 years ago. Though the cultures are alike in many ways, such as their building of pyramids, use of hieroglyphics (bar the Inca), they are four distinct cultures that rose and fell at different times for different reasons. On the other hand, some Illinois women preferred the stable marriage rituals of the Catholic church to their customs, of which bride kidnapping was one. The indigenous groups of the Mississippi River Valley initially made contact with French Jesuits in the seventeenth century. The Anasazi were the beginning of pueblo culture. The Incas had a large impact on the world and modern cultural advances would not be possible without it. Lastly, each civilization had a decline. Monectzuma was the leader of the Aztec Empire from 1502 1520. Compare and contrast the major native American Indian civilizations/cultures. They were to be white, bearded men, dressed in different colors and on their heads they would wear round coverings. You will also describe the end of each civilization and it contributions. In South America, early civilizations developed along the coast because the high Andes and the inhospitable Amazon Basin made the interior of the continent less favorable for settlement. Other claims state that the Aztecs viewed Cortes as the god, Quetzalcoatl (Windschuttle, 50). Great civilizations had risen and fallen in the Americas before the arrival of the Europeans. Once of the Europeans, Cortes found allies to take over the Aztec empire. The Spanish came to the Aztecs land, and the Aztecs thought that this was the 'God' that they had been waiting for. North American Indians were fewer in number, more widely dispersed, and did not have the population size or organized social structures of the Maya, Aztec, or Inca societies. Aztec was ruled by an Emperor whose main purpose was to lead in the wars. Aztec became well-known farmers, warriors, and temple builders. Map of the land division determined by the Treaty of Tordesillas. The spanish, of course, wanted power over natives and africans (and justified their power and enforced it through various means), so created the caste system. The Spanish conquistadores and colonial empire - Khan Academy Latest answer posted February 01, 2021 at 10:40:06 PM. Society was divided between pipiltin (nobles) and macehualli (commoners), and was led by an Emperor. Some of these accomplishments ranged from agriculture to architecture and on to writing and trade. This website or its third-party tools use cookies, which are necessary to its functioning and required to achieve the purposes illustrated in the cookie policy. October 2003. Illness played a much greater role in the citys downfall than violence. How do we know that? They lived in the mountains of Peru, far removed from the Olmecs, Maya, and Aztecs, and at the peak of their power, the civilization extended for 4,000 kilometers (2,500 mi) and included 16 million people. The Spanish found little organized resistance among the weakened Maya upon their arrival in the 1520s. First, the geographic regions in which these groups lived varied greatly. Direct link to d042's post how do I Define the term , Posted 3 years ago. (Remember, an argument is valid when the truth of its premises guarantees the truth of its conclusion.) Make the case that in many ways, they were advanced to Europeans. The Incas were an exception, as the Incan society was a dictatorship with state surveillance and harsh punishments that relocated populations for state control. Around the year 1200, Inca started settling in the Valley of Cuzco in the Andes Mountains of central Peru. It will happen a seeing [. These physical features can be seen today in some of the peoples indigenous to the area. So did the Caste System decide who got certain rights and places of power or was it merely a way of categorizing the people? At its height in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, the Inca Empire, located on the Pacific coast and straddling the Andes Mountains, extended some twenty-five hundred miles. This matriarchy changed dramatically with the coming of the Europeans, who introduced, sometimes forcibly, their own customs and traditions to the natives. Olmec, Maya, Toltec and Aztec civilizations - A brief overview They also bred small domesticated dogs which, along with fish, provided their protein. Weapons made of obsidian, jewelry crafted from jade, feathers woven into clothing and ornaments, and cacao beans that were whipped into a chocolate drink formed the basis of commerce. The Maya created a writing system of hieroglyphics, the Aztec created the famous mask of Xuihetecuhtli that employed turquoise mosaic, and the Inca created a massive road network through mountains and rivers. Maya and Aztec The tradition began with the Olmec peoples of the Gulf Coast in the second millennium B.C., if not earlier. Conclusion To conclude, the article, "Some Aztec and Pueblo" by Elsie Clews Parsons focuses on the parallels between Aztec and Pueblo cultures. Perhaps the largest indigenous cultural and population center in North America was located along the Mississippi River near present-day St. Louis. Some Aztec and Pueblo Parallels by Elsie Clews, Parsons (1933), is one such study that aims to argue the similarities between the Aztec and, Pueblo culture. The civilizations height was between 250 and 900 AD. The Africans were traded to American through the Triangular Slave Trade, which was a trading system in which American colonies would give raw materials farmed with slave power to Europe, who would give the manufactured textiles and other goods to certain African tribes, which would give their slaves to the Americas. This culture emerged in the Mississippi . I believe the caste system in new spain decided who got certain rights and not. Aztecs vs Mayans - Difference and Comparison | Diffen Direct link to David Alexander's post The Spanish moved into th, Posted a month ago. Corts wasted no time in taking claim for god and King. Compare And Contrast The Inca And Aztecs - 534 Words | 123 Help Me The Aztec used an "uncertain" succession system in which the ruler was selected from a pool of eligible royals. When the glaciers melted, water engulfed Beringia, and the Bering Strait was formed. Utilizing waterways, they developed trade routes stretching from Canada to Louisiana, where they exchanged goods with other tribes and negotiated in many different languages. The riches and complexity Corts found when he arrived at that city, known as Tenochtitln, were far beyond anything he or his men had ever seen. 1. . Differences: -Medical knowledge is known more in modern day -Heart sacrifice -Language These are only a few of the differences that there are. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Most important for our knowledge of these peoples, they created the only known written language in the Western Hemisphere; researchers have made much progress in interpreting the inscriptions on their temples and pyramids. The Aztecs also held a ritual ceremony for the arrival of the "god" that included a human sacrifice, which was seen by the Spanish as a disgusting act, this trigged Spanish hatred for the Aztecs. Mississippian culture is known for its burial mounds in the central United States. The city lasted until 1521 CE. The Navajo, on the other hand, have never lived in towns. Aztec civilization did not have draft animals or wheeled vehicles, and so roads were designed for travel on foot. In 1519, Hernn Corts began his conquest of the Aztec empire, specifically via the siege of the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan. The Spanish had more power; they were better equipped than the Aztecs and more advanced. Although the cultivation of corn had made its way north, many Indians still practiced hunting and gathering. According to legend, a warlike people called the Aztec (also known as the Mexica) had left a city called Aztln and traveled south to the site of present-day Mexico City. Someone who is trying to become friends with a person they dont know well doesnt make friends with their enemies., When the Europeans arrived in 1519, they took Latin America by a storm. The Maya people lived in southern Mexico and northern Central America a wide territory that includes the entire Yucatn Peninsula from as early as 2600 BC. Encouraged by the wealth found by the Spanish in the settled civilizations to the south, fifteenth- and sixteenth-century English, Dutch, and French explorers expected to discover the same in North America. $29.99. Located in todays Peru at an altitude of nearly 8,000 feet, Machu Picchu was a ceremonial Incan city built about 1450 CE. A fiery object appeared in the night sky, a spontaneous fire broke out in a religious temple and could not be extinguished with water, a water spout appeared in Lake Texcoco, and a woman could be heard wailing, O my children we are about to go forever. Moctezuma also had dreams and premonitions of impending disaster. Leaving native people alone would not satisfy the blood lust of the Conquistadores, or the gold fever that drew them to want to take whatever they saw of value. Additionally, it provides us with common cultural patterns eNotes Editorial, 18 Sep. 2020, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/analyze-the-similarities-and-differences-of-the-1369589. Cahokia artisans created sophisticated pottery, Cahokia was a crucial crossroads of trade and water travel. These weren't the Maya or Aztecs of Mexico. Image credit: Map of de Coronado's route through Mexico and the Southwest of the modern United States. This is not a fabrication; indigenous death to such diseases claimed around 50% in Tenochtitlan and up to 90% elsewhere on the continent. The Inca had no written language. The Inca architecture incorporated natural beauty yet creating an amazing mixture of geometrical and natural forms. The Olmec also developed a system of trade throughout Mesoamerica, giving rise to an elite class. According to _____ theory, people are constantly changing and evolving, and an individual's characteristics and social experiences influence his or her behavior. Maya, Aztec, And Incas Teaching Resources | TPT Ordo Ab Chao (Quizzaciously Sesquipedalianized Eleemosynary), The Aztecs witnessed the smallpox epidemic's destruction personally, and this was described in the Florentine Codex. Below is the top 5 difference between Maya vs Aztec vs Inca. In times of dire emergency, however, such as in the aftermath of earthquakes, volcanoes, or crop failure, they resorted to sacrificing prisoners. Unlike the Maya and the Aztecs, they rarely practiced human sacrifice and usually offered the gods food, clothing, and coca leaves. I love this site. They communicated and kept records using a system of colored strings and knots called the quipu. But due to where they started, other aspects of their. They were more advanced than Europeans in medicine, architecture, and agriculture, but less advanced in shipbuilding and use of iron. Compare and contrast Maya, Aztec, and Inca culture In history we the people have found to realize that the Maya, Aztec, and Inca culture was one of the most incredible findings of their accomplishments. They wrote in hieroglyphics, as did most of the cultures that followed them. After the decline of the Olmec, a city rose in the fertile central highlands of Mesoamerica. In 1492, however, the Aztecs in Mexico City were at their peak. The most important collection of these poems is Romances de los senores de la Nueva Espana. . What Are The Similarities Between Inca And Aztecs | ipl.org The Inca were located in in the rugged, high mountainous terrain of Peru, and the west coast of other modern day South American countries, such as Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. These are popular choices in the market; let us discuss some of the major differences: Maya vs Aztec vs Inca are like each other in many of the ways, like they all build pyramids; Maya, Aztec, and Inca were all polytheistic, practiced human sacrifice, but still, they are three different cultures that rose and fell at different times for different reasons. Already a member? This made them the unique civilization that they still are today., All cultures are centered around belief structures that continue over a long period time, but some of the practices and rituals associated with these beliefs can become shuffled and this can drastically set two religions apart. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Each of the three groups also had societal structures that were each unique to their own societies. What remains of their culture today are huge burial mounds and earthworks. Lastly, each civilization had a decline. Zip. The Mayas used a writing system that combined phonetic symbols and logograms and a base 20 and base 5 numbering system. Our site is an advertising supported site. What variations in the colonies occurred because of geography? Direct link to Stephen White's post I've read that the reason, Posted 5 years ago. I will provide you with two facts and you will use your critical thinking skills to make historical connections. (459) $34.42. The Governor, The Spanish conquests of Montezuma and the Aztecs were both a Spanish conquest as well as an Indian civil war. What factors lead to their demise? Why did the 13 English colonies develop a similar political system while maintaining different social systems? Mayan languages are spoken by at least 6 million indigenous Maya, primarily in Guatemala, Mexico, Belize and Honduras. Rather than gold and silver, there was an abundance of land, and the timber and fur that land could produce. Lake water constantly irrigated these chinampas, or floating gardens, which are still in use and can be seen today in Xochimilco, a district of Mexico City. The empire was formed by and under the command of Marshal Jean-Bdel Bokassa, military dictator and president of the Central African Republic, on 4 December 1976. The Aztecs were a Nahuatl speaking nation of central Mexico, in MesoAmerica. But in 1493, Spanish-born Pope Alexander VI issued two papal decrees giving legitimacy to Spains Atlantic claims over the claims of Portugal. Leading with the city if Tenochtitlan, Cortes takes over each Aztec city, to ultimately, The victory of Cortes over the Aztec was the result of certain military advantages the conquistadors enjoyed, as well as specific problems that weakened the Aztec people and made the empire more vulnerable. Corts, for example, is notoriously known for collecting all of the Aztec priests and having them fed to rabid dogs, while Pizarro famously murdered the wife of Emperor Manco Inca, who was serving as a puppet governor for the Spanish empire at the time. Land, and the game that populated it, they believed, were there for the taking. irrigation, canals, dams, and hillside terracing to water their dry maize fields. Latest answer posted August 03, 2011 at 2:13:13 AM. Consider the Aztecs, Incas, Pueblo, the Iroquois league of tribes, Cahokia, and others. All children were educated until age 14. The two biggest and most successful were the Incans and the Aztecs. The architectural beauty of this city is unrivaled. Whenever the battery is dead, the, Detective Stanton gets a tip from John Bratton's neighbor that Bratton is dealing drugs out of his house. All in all, the French interactions with the peoples of the Mississippi Valley were much more mild and cooperative compared to the Spanish conquests. The paper "The Spaniards Attitudes toward the Native Culture and People They Encountered with the Aztec" highlights that the imposition of superiority by the Western . Why did many conquistadores fail to establish colonies in the New World? Expert Answer. Image credit: By 1600, Spain had reaped substantial monetary benefits from New World resources. Aztec and Pueblo cultures and how they were similar to each other. It stretched from modern-day Colombia in the north to Chile in the south and included cities built at an altitude of 14,000 feet above sea level. The Spanish won out because of their preparation, and because they brought so many diseases with them, it killed some of the Aztecs as well. connected to the mainland by three broad causeways and supplied with drinkable water, Their supreme rulers power was just as extensive as any, The first Spaniards that entered the city of Tenochtitlan. Aztec were ultimately defeated by Spanish conquistadors led by Hernan Cortes. The Inca had no system of writing, however. Most modern-day Mexicans are of mixed Aztec and European ancestry. Unlike the Spanish, who were heavy-handed and imposing in their conversion efforts, the Jesuits preferred to work with and through native communities in order to spread the word of God. The traditions of the Mayan and Aztec religion and art are very similar but have their differences. In 1325, they began construction of Tenochtitln on an island in Lake Texcoco. How did native people shape the course of Spanish conquest? Not too long after they arrived, the Aztecs realized that the Spanish could be killed just like their other enemies, so they went to war. The Americas | US History I (OS Collection) - Lumen Learning Foxiz News Network. The Indian groups who lived in the present-day Ohio River Valley and achieved their cultural apex from the first century CE to 400 CE are collectively known as the Hopewell culture. Much like feudal lords in Europe at the time, the ruling class lived off the labor of the peasants, collecting vast wealth that accompanied them as they went, mummified, into the next life. They had religious customs, languages, and trade networks that were unique to their civilizations. The Inca people worshipped their lord who, as a member of an elite ruling class, had absolute authority over every aspect of life. The differences between the Pueblo People of the Southwest, the Tribes of the Mississippi Valley, and the Incas, Mayans and Aztecs on the eve of contact were quite drastic, for a number of reasons. From the coast they received shells; from Canada, copper; and from the Rocky Mountains, obsidian. How did the Golden Age of Spain communicate similar ideals to that of the Spanish colonization project? If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. The Inca didnt develop a writing system; their records were kept on bundles of knotted cords called quipus. The Aztecs didnt try to kill the Spaniards but instead tried to use them as sacrifices. Compare And Contrast The Spanish Conquest Of The Aztecs Due to this difference in worldview the Aztecs weapons were also different from the European weapons that the Spanish used. The Aztecs were Nahuatl-speaking people who lived in central Mexico in the 14th to 16th centuries. A century later, however, probably because of drought, the Pueblo peoples abandoned their cities. The Mayans were known for their pyramids as well. With the assistance of Tlaxcalan collaborators, Corts surrounded Tenochtitlan and eventually wore down its defenses through naval engagements and causing epidemics of smallpox. Direct link to trell2267's post Why didn't the spanish ju, Posted 2 years ago. It is also important to look at because of the immense cultural impact it had. Where getting that wealth required human labor, they enslaved the local people. They also acted directly in their environments in order to create the best possible situations for their civilization. Between nine and fifteen thousand years ago, some scholars believe that a land bridge existed between Asia and North America that we now call Beringia. Tenochtitlan became the dominant city in the alliance, and their empire spread through both trade and military conquest. The Pueblos were city-states also, but typically each had about ten thousand people. The. The Pueblo were a thriving civilization until the arrival of Spanish conquistadors. 1. This city was tremendously wealthyfilled with goldand took in tribute from surrounding tribes. These groups were by no means unified, and warfare among tribes was common as they sought to increase their hunting and fishing areas. They also practiced human sacrifice. When the Spanish saw the resources that the Aztecs had, they quickly started taking advantage of the Aztecs weaknesses. All of the groups practiced agriculture and selected plants based on taste and vigor. The Aztecs established their empire on the western hemisphere and will no foundation previously built because they were geographically isolated from the rest of the world to gain ideas and technologies built. Their settlements, unlike those of the southwest, were small hamlets. The Spanish conquest of the Aztec is no different. The name Olmec was almost certainly not what they called themselves but is derived from Aztec writings. In the 1480s, Pope Sixtus IV had granted Portugal the right to all land south of the Cape Verde islands, leading the Portuguese king to claim that the lands discovered by Columbus belonged to Portugal, not Spain. But both took responsibility for raising children, and most major Indian societies in the east were matriarchal. The Maya went on to leave behind a longer, more prosperous legacy, encompassing parts of Mexico, Guatamala, El Salvador, Belize, and Honduras. They lived in wattle-and-daub houses (made from woven lattice branches daubed with wet mud, clay, or sand and straw) and practiced agriculture, which they supplemented by hunting and fishing. Surrounded by farms relying on primitive agriculture, they built the city-states of Copan, Tikal, and Chichen Itza along their major trade routes, as well as temples, statues of gods, pyramids, and astronomical observatories. Key differences between Maya vs Aztec vs Inca. The Mayans and the Aztecs of Mesoamerica are no different in this sense. Many of the mounds that were opened by archaeologists contained artworks and other goods that indicate their society was socially stratified. These roads enabled the rapid movement of the highly trained Incan army. Accessed 4 Mar. Francisco Coronado had hoped to find treasure equivalent to the riches discovered by Corts and Pizarro in Latin America but was disappointed to find that the Pueblos had more modest resources at their disposal. It points out on numerous cultural comparisons that only a few specialists know about. From the beginning Cortes made moves to openly try to undermined Monctezuma. Cortes knew nothing of the size and power of the Aztec empire and if he did, his decision to bring only a few hundred men was certainly a gross misjudgment. Aztec belief centered on supplying the gods with human bloodthe ultimate sacrificeto keep them strong and well. ("Compare and Contrast the Spaniards' Attitudes toward the Native Essay", n.d.) . It was an epic battle, which unfortunately led to the destruction of a magnificent culture. The Maya, Aztec, and Inca civilizations were really smart in topics of engineering, writing, agriculture and astronomy. Huge storehouses were filled with food for times of need. Unlike the Mayans who used more of a political structure, the Aztec empire was united as one and led by one person. All Rights Reserved. The Inca were affected by the art and techniques of the Chimu civilization. A classic period city called Tikal was reconstructed by Maya, which was spread over 20 sq. What impact did Europeans have on their New World environmentsmeaning native peoples and their communities as well as ecological elements such as What are some similarities and differences between the United Farm Workers and the American Indian Movement. The Eastern Woodland peoples were thriving, but they were soon overwhelmed as the number of English, French, and Dutch settlers increased. The Inca worshipped the sun god Inti and called gold the sweat of the sun. All Rights Reserved. 2022 - EDUCBA. Recent research along the west coast of South America suggests that migrant populations may have traveled down this coast by water as well as by land. There was large scale reconstruction between 250 and 900 CE, known as the Classic period, when the Maya built many independent city states, built temples and palaces, developed a hieroglyphic writing system, and developed long distance trade with other Mesoamerican cultures. Clashing beliefs about land ownership and use of the environment would be the greatest area of conflict with Europeans. With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. They build statues like that of colossal Coatlicue or very alive and famous sculpture of a seated Xochipilli. I've read that the reasons for Spanish conquest could be summed up with three words: "Gold, Glory, God.". Answer (1 of 4): One of the biggest difference between the Aztec and Maya versus the Inuit is the time of their migration from Asia. The Incas, Aztecs, and Mayans lived in Central and Southern Mexico and experienced hot, humid climates with lots of rainfall. One of the largest population centers in pre-Columbian America and home to more than 100,000 people at its height in about 500 CE, Teotihuacan was located about thirty miles northeast of modern Mexico City. . Much like the Europeans, Aztecs built temples (doc 4), a men's house and a city square (doc 6), and a large market place (doc 8). 2. However, because of poor soil and a drought that lasted nearly two centuries, their civilization declined by about 900 CE and they abandoned their large population centers. When counting the top platform, the total number of stairs is three hundred and sixty-five, the number of days in a year. Mesoamerica is the geographic area stretching from north of Panama up to the desert of central Mexico. Some North American Indians lived by hunting and gathering rather than cultivating crops. According to legend, the Aztecs saw a vision telling them to settle on an island in Lake Texcoco, which they did in 1325 CE. This has been a guide to the top difference between Maya vs Aztec vs Inca. control more land than them were the Ottoman and Chinese Empires. One of Cortss soldiers, Bernal Daz del Castillo, recorded his impressions upon first seeing it: When we saw so many cities and villages built in the water and other great towns on dry land we were amazed and said it was like the enchantments . Without the use of the wheel, they cut and fashioned stone to build Machu Picchu high in the Andes before abandoning the city for unknown reasons.